After developing a full understanding of the area, all data should be assessed, and initial views developed about where and how the walking environment is deficient and the opportunities available for improvements. This can be done by examining:
PNG: Principles of planning and design for pedestrians
Once the issues and deficiencies have been identified, the next stage involves developing remedial measures or actions, describing the anticipated benefits of each, and detailing the costs and implications for other road users (if any). If several measures are possible, a more detailed assessment may be needed to identify the most suitable solution (for example upgrading a pedestrian crossing facility will require an assessment of a number of alternatives). A tactical urbanism approach can enable experimentation by implementing temporary demonstrations or interventions with communities.
In practice, developing remedial measures can lead to the creation of further opportunities and/or additional constraints. This means some iteration between this and the preceding stage can be useful.
As resources are likely to be constrained, the measures or actions should be prioritised according to the objectives set for the plan, local circumstances, and funding (noting a variety of funding opportunities are available). Other transport projects taking place simultaneously may create opportunities to bring forward comparatively low-ranked walking interventions, but in a highly cost-effective way (eg avoiding digging at the same location twice).
Defining objectives in a walking action plan
PNG: Funding a walking programme
In the following document, approaches can be employed to help decide which measures or schemes should be implemented first whilst being cognisant of the overall objectives of the pedestrian planning process.
Table: Methods for prioritising to benefit pedestrians [PDF, 156 KB]
Each approach has advantages and drawbacks so it is a good idea to prioritise improvement measures and actions using several approaches.
A holistic route treatment is best, as a physical barrier to walking in just one location can result in the whole trip being made by another form of travel. It is better to get a few key routes right to start with than to attempt piecemeal change that is spread too thinly.
